Monday, March 13, 2023

Tuesday, March 14. 2023

Today's schedule is CDAB

C Block Human Geography - Today we'll head off to the library to work on a small migration project. The instructions for this assignment are in the Migration package. This project comes from Mr. Lucas Varley from Lincoln High School in Lincoln, Nebraska. You will imagine yourself in the role of a refugee/migrant who has relocated from one part of the world to another. Your job is to research in detail the many factors that are involved in a migration. You will only be given some basic information regarding your specific migration scenario. It is your job to conduct research to establish realistic demographic information for your scenario. You will need to produce a thorough written summary of your personal migration (A.K.A. Diary or Reflection journal or Newspaper article OR you could make a video or do a podcast but you will need a detailed script for it). Include as much detail as possible. Include images to help your reader gain a fuller understanding of your migration scenario. Please feel free to listen to and examine the stories below:









Migration Scenarios – choose one:

  1. You are a refugee from Darfur. You have been relocated to Toronto, Ontario. In Darfur you lived in a small village and do not speak English. You have found a very small group of Sudanese refugees but live quite a far distance from them.
  2. You lived on the First Nations Reserve in Lytton British Columbia when a fire ripped through and destroyed the town in 2021. You lived in the Boston Bar for a week until you were relocated to live in Chilliwack. You are expected to quickly find work and find a place on your own.
  3. You are an undocumented immigrant from Oaxaca Mexico that has recently relocated to Tucson, Arizona. You usually find day labor working for farmers harvesting crops. Sometimes you are paid only in food.
  4. You are a Filipino that has moved to Qatar in the Middle East for work. You have been living and working as a construction worker first in Saudi Arabia and then in Qatar for the last 5 years.
  5. You are a Ukranian young mother with two children and have fled the current conflict from Ukraine through Lviv into Poland. You hope to be relocated to London England. You have no skills and are still dependent on state support.
  6. You are a small family from Turkey that has recently migrated to Germany. You work at the Frankfurt Airport driving a floor cleaning cart. Your wife and kids still live in Turkey and you are trying to raise money and find a way to bring them to Germany to live with you.
  7. You are a family from Port au Prince Haiti that migrated to Quebec following the devastating 2011 earthquake. You lost several family members to cholera. You are skilled in masonry.
  8. You are a young student from Pakistan. You are studying biochemical engineering at Rutgers University. You are a faithful Muslim. You have no affiliation with radical Islamists, but live in an area where some Muslims openly express anti-American sentiments.
  9. You are a family of six from Syria (two parents and four children) that a private sponsorship holder (Canadian International Immigrant and Refugee Support Association) has sponsored to settle in Edmonton. In Syria you were a teacher and do not speak English.
  10. You are a single woman, opposition party member, from Venezuela complaining vocally about the lack of basic supplies for the citizens of your country. President Maduro and the PSUV have "cracked down" on dissidents and after seeing your fellow politicians arrested, you have fled to Manaus in Brazil. 
  11. You are a Rohingya Muslim (with a family of four children) who used to live in Myanmar and were forced to leave because of violence against you and your family. You now reside in a Red Crescent encampment, seeking safety, in Cox's Bazaar in Bangladesh
  12. You are a 27 year old teacher who, in order to avoid escalating violence and an attack by militia men in your village, walked for weeks from Kasai province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Your wife and children were butchered by the militants and now are an internally displaced person seeking protection and basic assistance in Idiofa in the Kwilu province
  13. You are a family of five who are currently displaced in Mindanao, Philippines. You are from Lanao del Sur and have been displaced due to the Marawi siege in May 2017. While displaced families are still struggling to get back to normalcy after the siege, the COVID-19 crisis exacerbated your situation and face challenges on limited access to livelihood opportunities, food and water security, high transportation costs and lack of basic services.
D Block Physical Geography - Today we're in the learning commons / library to begin our research on the Orting College case study. Should the town of Orting, Washington, build a new college to attract people to their community or not? What will the impact of increased population be on the tiny town that sits in the shadows of Mt. Rainier? The assignment is in both your week 4 package and was adapted from the following website: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/volcanoes/volcano.html

The following URL’s will help:
Orting USGS Topographic Map (Use the 2017 Orting 7.5 Minute Topo Map) 



A note of caution...

What is the greatest danger to Orting? Of all that could potentially happen at Mount Rainier what poses the greatest threat? Now ask yourself what triggers that threat? What causes it to happen? Last think about the statistical likelyhood of that event happening. How likely is the event to occur in the next 5, 10, 100, or 1000 years? Check out the risk analysis section of the COTF website for help here.
 

A Block Legal Studies - Today we'll take a closer look at Human Rights and how they are enforced in Canada. We'll talk about the methods of enforcing rights guaranteed under the Charter (section 52 of the Constitution Act and Section 24 of the Charter). Remedies affecting unconstitutional legislation are usually dealt with under s. 52(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982, which holds that: 
The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of Canada, and any law that is inconsistent with the provisions of the Constitution is, to the extent of the inconsistency, of no force or effect. 

 So what can the courts do?

  1. Striking Down – A court may declare that a law that infringes the Charter is nullified and is of no force of effect (as in Canada v. Bedford where the SCC ruled that three provisions of Canada’s Criminal Code, s. 210 keeping or being found in a bawdy house, s. 212(1)(j) living on the avails of prostitution, and s. 213(1)(c) communicating in public for the purpose of prostitution violate the s. 7 right to security of the person protected by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms).
  2. Partial Invalidity – A common alternative to striking down an entire law is to declare only the unconstitutional portion(s) of the law invalid. The specific provision will be declared invalid rather than striking down the entire Criminal Code. If the court has ordered the law, in whole or in part, to be struck down, Parliament or a provincial legislature may choose to redraft that law so that it complies with the Charter.
  3. Reading Down – Reading down is where the court interprets the legislation in a sufficiently narrow way to bring it in line with the Charter (as in R v Butler, where the SCC read down the extremely broad terms of the obscenity laws in the Criminal Code in order to avoid an infringement of freedom of expression. The court held that the provision should be interpreted narrowly to catch only certain forms of pornography. 
  4. Reading In – This technique is used when a statute is under-inclusive and fails to extend to those who have a legitimate constitutional claim to its protection. In such cases, the court may “read in” those categories of individuals rather than strike down the law entirely. (NOTE: Reading in is a controversial remedy as the court appears to be taking on a legislative role and adding to the legislation itself)
  5. Constitutional Exemption – A court may order that a particular law is valid but a certain individual is exempt from its application. This remedy is rarely applied and used only in exceptional circumstances (as in Carter v Canada (AG) where the SCC suspended its decision on physician assisted suicide for one year, but also granted Taylor an immediate exemption that allowed her to seek doctor-assisted suicide under certain conditions).

What are the remedies available?

An example? 



To finish, I'll have you work on and complete the following today and tomorrow in class...

Questions 1-4 on page 94:

1. Explain the difference between civil rights and human rights.
2. How do prejudice and stereotyping lead to discrimination?
3. Explain the difference between a complainant and a respondent.
4. What is the difference between intentional and unintentional discrimination?

Questions 4 & 5 from page 97:

4. Explain the concept of a poisoned work environment. Provide an example.
5. Explain the difference between accommodation and undue hardship.

AND Question 5 from page 104:

5. What types of remedies are available under human rights law?

For more on the BC Human Rights Code look at the Attorney General's Human Rights Protection site. or the BC Human Rights Commissioner or the BC Human Rights Tribunal. For more on the Canadian Human Rights Act see the Canadian Department of Justice site. For more on Human Rights in Canada see the Canadian Human Rights Commission.


B Block Criminology - Today we'll discuss homicide. We'll discuss the divisions of murder in Canada, the extent of murder in Canada, and murderous relations (acquaintance and stranger homicide). A homicide occurs when a person directly or indirectly, by any means, causes the death of a human being. Homicide is either culpable (murder, manslaughter or infanticide) or non-culpable (not an offence). A murder occurs when a person intentionally, by a willful act or omission, causes the death of another human being, or means to cause bodily harm that the person knows is likely to cause death.

First degree murder occurs when:
  • it is planned and deliberate; or
  • the victim is a person employed and acting in the course of his/her work for the preservation and maintenance of the public peace (e.g. police officer, correctional worker); or
  • the death is caused by a person committing or attempting to commit certain serious offences (e.g. treason, kidnapping, hijacking, sexual assault, robbery and arson).
Second degree murder is all murder that is not first degree while Manslaughter is culpable homicide that is not murder or infanticide.

In Canada, homicides represent a fraction of the total number of police-reported violent Criminal Code offences each year. 

In Canada, homicides remain relatively rare events, accounting for less than 0.2% of all police-reported violent crimes in 2021. These incidents include first-degree murder, second-degree murder, manslaughter and infanticide. While homicide occurs relatively infrequently in Canada, homicide rates are considered a benchmark for measuring levels of violent activity both in Canada and internationally. 

Statistics Canada says that in 2021, police services from across Canada reported 788 homicides, 29 more than in 2020. This most recent rise represented the third consecutive increase since 2019. The national homicide rate increased by 3% to 2.06 homicides per 100,000 population, the highest rate since 2005. 2020 saw 743 homicides in Canada (1.95 per 100,000) which was 56 more, or a 6.98% change, from 2019 and this was the fourth consecutive year where the rate exceeded the average for the previous decade (1.67 per 100,000 population). 

Some Statistics of note:
  • Overall, the increase in homicides nationally was the result of  increases in Ontario (277 homicides; +37) and British Columbia (125 homicides; +25).
  • Saskatchewan recorded the highest rate of homicides per 100,000 population (5.93) among the provinces in 2021. This latest figure represents a 9% increase from 2020 and a third consecutive yearly increase.
  • Saskatchewan recorded the highest rate of homicides per 100,000 population (5.93) among the provinces in 2021. This latest figure represents a 9% increase from 2020 and a third consecutive yearly increase.
  • The homicide rate for Indigenous victims was six times higher than that of non-Indigenous victims in 2021 (9.17 per 100,000 Indigenous people versus 1.55 per 100,000 non-Indigenous people).
  • In 2021, 40% of homicide victims were killed by a shooting, similar to the proportion seen in 2020 (38%). Stabbings accounted for a further 32% of homicides, beating for 17%. Of firearm-related homicides, handguns were the primary type of firearm used (57%), followed by rifles and shotguns (26%), and firearm-like weapons and firearms where the type was unknown (17%). Almost half (46%) of firearm-related homicides were identified as gang-related.
  • Overall, gang-related homicides continued to account for nearly one-quarter (23%) of all homicides and victims involved in a gang-related homicide were almost exclusively men (94%). However, the 2021 gang-related rate was the highest (0.48 per 100,000 population) recorded in Canada since comparable data were first collected in 2005. This change was attributable to increases in several provinces and territories. Specifically, there were 13 additional gang-related homicides in Ontario compared with the previous year and a similar increase in British Columbia (an increase from 26 to 39 gang-related homicides). Quebec had 6 more than last year, Nova Scotia had 5 more than last year, Saskatchewan and New Brunswick both had 2 more than last year, and Yukon also saw increases in 2021, compared with 2020. The highest number of gang-related homicides in 2021 were recorded in the CMAs of Toronto (30), Vancouver (29), and Montréal (19)
  • More than half (60%) of men who were victims of homicide were killed by an acquaintance or someone with whom they had a criminal relationship compared to 19% for women in 2021. Furthermore, 18% were killed by a stranger, more than double the proportion for victims who were women (8%)
  • In 2021, the proportion of women who were killed by their spouse or intimate partner in Canada was approximately seven times greater than for men. Among spousal and intimate partner homicide victims in Canada, 76% were women while 24% were men.

 788 is a lot, but...and I know the population of the USA is almost 10x that of Canada...still



Posted by Geo Teacher at 9:45 PM

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