Despite years of public messaging about the dangers of drinking and driving, Canada ranks No. 1 among 19 wealthy countries for percentage of roadway deaths linked to alcohol impairment.
CC 253 (1) Every one commits an offence who operates a motor vehicle or vessel or operates or assists in the operation of an aircraft or of railway equipment or has the care or control of a motor vehicle, vessel, aircraft or railway equipment, whether it is in motion or not,
(a) while the person’s ability to operate the vehicle, vessel, aircraft or railway equipment is impaired by alcohol or a drug; or
(b) having consumed alcohol in such a quantity that the concentration in the person’s blood exceeds eighty milligrams of alcohol in one hundred millilitres of blood.
CC 255 (1) Every one who commits an offence under section 253 or 254 is guilty of an indictable offence or an offence punishable on summary conviction and is liable,
(a) whether the offence is prosecuted by indictment or punishable on summary conviction, to the following minimum punishment, namely,
(i) for a first offence, to a fine of not less than $1,000,(ii) for a second offence, to imprisonment for not less than 30 days, and
(iii) for each subsequent offence, to imprisonment for not less than 120 days;
(b) where the offence is prosecuted by indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years; and
(c) if the offence is punishable on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term of not more than 18 months.
Impaired driving causing bodily harm
(2) Everyone who commits an offence under paragraph 253(1)(a) and causes bodily harm to another person as a result is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years.
Impaired driving causing death
(3) Everyone who commits an offence under paragraph 253(1)(a) and causes the death of another person as a result is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life.
We'll look at Fines and points for B.C. traffic offences as well as the Driver Penalty Point premium in BC.
Drug Impaired Driving Canada
Impaired Driving Laws
Drug Recognition Expert Evaluations
Impaired driving investigations
You'll have four questions to complete (from yesterday):
1. What is the legal definition of a drug?
2. What are the elements of a charge for possession?
3. Describe two situations in which someone may be charged with possession while not physically possessing the drug.
4. What is "Intent to Possess"? Is intent necessary for a charge of possession?
C Block Criminology - Today, we'll look at individual exploitation of an institutional position, influence peddling & bribery, theft and employee fraud, client fraud and corporate crime. I'll introduce to Edwin H. Sutherland's Differential Association Theory (he introduced the concept "white collar crime"). Since we didn't get to it yesterday, we'll watch the History Channel DVD "Scammed"...419 scams are called so because the section of the Nigerian Criminal Code that makes it illegal to obtain money under false pretences is section 419. Millions of North Americans and Europeans are being targeted by scammers from Nigeria with very few being arrested or suffering any consequences.
419 is a modern day version of the 1500's Spanish Prisoner con when after the English defeated the Spanish armada in 1588-89, there were still a lot of English sailors who didn’t make it home. Letters began arriving to wealthy English families using the same idea, "if you can give me a small amount of money, then I can free this English prisoner.” In the same way then as today, the con man keeps squeezing more money and eventually begins threatening the victim. Canadian author Will Ferguson received the Giller Prize in 2012 for his book 419 - the tale of an email scam and a woman who sets out on a wide-ranging search for those she believes responsible for her father's death.
Facebook Scams You Need to Know (Huffington
Post)
Fraud.org Top 10 Scams of 2016B Block Human Geography - Today we'll look at the key question "Why Do Individual Languages Vary Among Places"? To help with this we will look at dialect and accent. A dialect is a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. Generally, speakers of one dialect can understand speakers of another dialect. Due to its widespread diffusion around the world, English has an especially large number of dialects and subdialects. So we'll look at English and the accents that developed here in Canada, in the United States and see how they are different from UK English. We'll also look at when dialects become languages...like Catalán...and you'll have some questions to answer today in the Week 8 work package.
A Block Physical Geography - Today we're continuing our look at water by focusing on coastal processes and land forms. We will look at how water erodes, shapes, and creates coastal landscapes by focusing on long shore current & drift. We'll analyze the differences between an erosional and depositional coastline and try to make sense of the hazards of living along depositional coastlines (think Cape Hatteras, North Carolina). Some facts:
- More than 155 million people (53 percent of the population) reside in U.S. coastal counties comprising less than 11 percent of the land area of the lower 48 states.
- Roughly 1,500 homes are lost to erosion each year.
- Nearly 180 million people visit the U.S. coast every year, and coastal states account for 85 percent of U.S. tourism revenues. The tourism industry is the nation’s largest employer and second largest contributor to gross domestic product.
- 71 percent of annual U.S. disaster losses are the result of coastal storms.
- Close to 350,000 homes and buildings are located within 150 meters of the ocean.Within 60 years, one out of every four of those structures will be destroyed.
University of Regina Geomorphology Class notes
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Geomorphology from space site
USGS Coastal & Marine Geology program
NOAA: Pressures on Coastal Environments
AGI Interactive Map of Coastal Hazards
There's a great article on the dangers of people moving to coastlines at National Geographic
There's a great web page on the Graveyard of the Atlantic: Sable Island Nova Scotia. Check out more on Sable Island here
You can also find some very good before-after photos of the destruction caused to coastal landforms and human infrastructure by Hurricane Sandy at the CBC here.
And there was a good story on CBC about last week's topics (rock slides and the Trans Canada Highway here in BC)
***Engineers and Geoscientists of BC High School Scholarships
The Engineers and Geoscientists BC Foundation offers six entrance scholarships, valued at $2,500 each, and one transfer scholarship, valued at $1,000 for graduating high school students. Applicants must be graduating from a BC secondary school in 2019 and entering one of the following programs:
Engineering degree (B.Eng., B.A.Sc., or similar) at a BC university
Engineering transfer (diploma, certificate, or similar) at a Canadian university or college
Geoscience degree (B.Sc. in Earth sciences, physical geography, environmental geoscience, etc.) at a BC university.
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