C Block Human Geography - Today we'll look at the Key Question: Where Is the World’s Population Distributed? Human beings are not distributed uniformly across Earth’s surface. We can understand how population is distributed by examining two basic properties - concentration and density. Today we'll examine where populations are concentrated looking at the concept of ecumene. Lastly we'll look at density in terms of arithmetic, physiological and agricultural forms. You've got three questions to answer for me today:
- Why isn’t North America one of the four major population clusters?
- On the map in the week 2 package...use the maps on page 47 to prepare a sketch map that shows non-ecumene and very sparsely inhabited lands (remember map basics!)
- In terms of food supply, which combination of measures of density is most important when considering whether a country’s population is too large? Why?
BTW...
- B.C.'s population has surpassed five million people for the first time in its history, growing at a rate of 7.6 per cent between 2016 (population: 4.6 million) and 2021 (population: 5 million), from Statistics Canada.
- B.C. Stats Quarterly Population Highlights places our population on October 1, 2023 @ 5,581,123 with a net gain of international migrants and a net loss of interprovincial migrants
- Victoria (Greater Vic sits at about 348,000) and Vancouver (GVRD or Metro Van is at about 2.48 million) account for nearly 50% of the total population of our province
- We have four of Canada's five fastest-growing metropolitan areas — all of which are outside the Metro Vancouver region (the Kelowna, Chilliwack, Kamloops and Nanaimo census metropolitan areas all saw growth of 10 per cent or more in between 2016 and 2021)
- Here, Courtenay’s census agglomeration reported almost 63,300 in 2021, a 9.2% increase from 2016.
Province of British Columbia Trends in B.C.'s Population Size & Distribution
D Block Physical Geography - We'll transfer some notes into our Tectonics package on the rock cycle then we'll work on igneous rocks and plutonic features...there will be three questions to work on (in your Geosystems Core textbook). Don't forget that Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below Earth's surface, and the slow cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form. Examples of intrusive igneous rocks are diorite, gabbro, granite, pegmatite, and peridotite. Extrusive igneous rocks erupt onto the surface, where they cool quickly to form small crystals. Some cool so quickly that they form an amorphous glass. These rocks include andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, pumice, rhyolite, and scoria.
If you need help look at the e-notes on Earthfacts
Check out the Dynamic Earth Interactive Rock Identification site here
Check out the Rock Cycle/Type animation from the BBC
Check out the Rock Cycle from the Geological Society here
Check out CK-12 Igneous Rock, Sedimentary Rock or Metamorphic rock information.
Check out the Rock Cycle/Type animation from the BBC
Check out the Rock Cycle from the Geological Society here
Check out CK-12 Igneous Rock, Sedimentary Rock or Metamorphic rock information.
When answering the question on felsic (>69% silica) and mafic (45-52% silica) rock, please consider Melting Points, Colour, Density, and Minerals (coarse/fine and type)…SPOILER ALERT, this will be connected to tectonic boundaries and types of volcanoes and their eruptions
A Block Criminology - Bloggin' time! We're in the Learning Commons/Library today working on our online activities. Last week I asked you to come up with your own theory about why crime happens and today I'll ask you to create another entry on crime trends, specifically youth crime and school. Now that you know about trends in crime and what violence is in relation to age, gender and class, try to answer the following:
Do you think that school is one of the most dangerous places for young people in society today?
RCMP: School Violence
Stats Can Youth Offending in Canada
Youth Crime In Canada which states:
- In 2006, 1 in 10 youth crimes were committed on school property
- Crimes at school include bullying and violence
- Assaults are particularly common representing about 30% of all violations committed by youth on school property. Uttering threats constituted another 8%
- Nearly 20% of crimes committed at school were drug offences, whereas 5% of youth crimes committed elsewhere were drug-related. Youth drug offences taking place on school grounds usually involved the possession (78%) or trafficking of cannabis (10%)
B Block Legal Studies - Today we'll start with a look at Aboriginal Rights in the Charter (Section 25). It's important to note that section 25 does not create any new rights but rather protects against the abrogation or derogation of existing aboriginal, treaty or other rights or freedoms
So, for some context:
And, specifically, for us here:
BC Treaty Commission K’ómoks First Nation
We'll talk about the significance of the Calder v. Attorney-General of British Columbia, 1973 decision. From the Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project:
The decision in Calder v Attorney-General of British Columbia was handed down by the Supreme Court of Canada on 31 January 1973. It is often credited with having provided the impetus for the overhauling of the land claims negotiation process in Canada. The case was initiated in 1968 by the Nisga'a Tribal Council against the Government of British Columbia. It failed both at trial and in the Court of Appeal. The Supreme Court overturned the Court of Appeal's finding in recognizing the possible existence of Aboriginal rights to land and resources, but was equally divided on the issue of whether the Nisga'a retained title. The decision prompted the federal government to develop new policy to address Aboriginal land claims. In 1976 Canada commenced negotiations with the Nisga'a Tribal Council. British Columbia did not join the negotiations until 1990. The Nisga'a Final Agreement was concluded in 1999 and implemented by legislation in 2000.
We'll also talk about the landmark Delgamuukw-Gisday'way Aboriginal title case.
In the Delgamuukw case, Wet'suwet'en hereditary chiefs established that the Indigenous nation has a system of law that predates the days of elected band councils enacted under Canada's Indian Act. Under traditional Wet'suwet'en law, hereditary chiefs are responsible for decisions regarding ancestral lands. In the current dispute, some hereditary chiefs say the decision to approve a pipeline in their ancestral lands without consent is an infringement of their Aboriginal title and rights.
From this case, the Supreme Court of Canada declared that for aboriginal title to be present it must satisfy the following criteria:
So check out the article on CBC When pipeline companies want to build on Indigenous lands, with whom do they consult?
After, I'll have you discuss the Guerin v. The Queen, 1984 case in partners and then, I'll have you work on the following from the AAL text to submit next class.
From the KFN...
K’ómoks Aboriginal rights, including aboriginal title and the inherent right to self-government, are recognized and affirmed and will be exercised as agreed to in the Treaty. The Treaty will clearly state that existing rights are not extinguished, surrendered or modified. There is no extinguishment. There is no modification
We'll talk about the significance of the Calder v. Attorney-General of British Columbia, 1973 decision. From the Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project:
The decision in Calder v Attorney-General of British Columbia was handed down by the Supreme Court of Canada on 31 January 1973. It is often credited with having provided the impetus for the overhauling of the land claims negotiation process in Canada. The case was initiated in 1968 by the Nisga'a Tribal Council against the Government of British Columbia. It failed both at trial and in the Court of Appeal. The Supreme Court overturned the Court of Appeal's finding in recognizing the possible existence of Aboriginal rights to land and resources, but was equally divided on the issue of whether the Nisga'a retained title. The decision prompted the federal government to develop new policy to address Aboriginal land claims. In 1976 Canada commenced negotiations with the Nisga'a Tribal Council. British Columbia did not join the negotiations until 1990. The Nisga'a Final Agreement was concluded in 1999 and implemented by legislation in 2000.
This case is very important in the RCMP’s enforcement of the Coastal GasLink injunction against the Wet’suwet’en Unis’tot’en camp in northern BC. APTN Wet’suwet’en Conflict site
From this case, the Supreme Court of Canada declared that for aboriginal title to be present it must satisfy the following criteria:
- the land must have been occupied before sovereignty,
- there must be a continuity between pre-sovereignty and modern times (but not an unbroken chain)
- at the time of sovereignty, the occupancy must have been exclusive (but it could have been jointly exclusive by more than one party or tribe).
The Wet’suwet’en, like many Indigenous groups in Canada, are governed by both a traditional governance system and elected Chiefs and Councils. The Chief and Council system exists under the Indian Act, a piece of federal legislation. It was introduced by the federal government in the 19th century as part of Canada’s attempts to systematically oppress and displace Indigenous law and governance. The Wet’suwet’en hereditary governance system predates colonization and continues to exist today. Unless otherwise authorized by the Indigenous Nation members, the authority of elected Chiefs and Councils is limited to the powers set out under the Indian Act. The Indian Act does not provide authority for a Chief and Council to make decisions about lands beyond the boundaries of the First Nation’s reserves. By contrast, the Hereditary Chiefs are responsible under Wet’suwet’en law and governance for making decisions relating to their ancestral lands. It is these lands that the Hereditary Chiefs are seeking to protect from the impacts of the pipeline project, not Indian Act reserve lands.
After, I'll have you discuss the Guerin v. The Queen, 1984 case in partners and then, I'll have you work on the following from the AAL text to submit next class.
- questions 1, 2 and 4 on page 64 and
- Review Your Understanding questions 1, 2 and 5 on page 83
Today's Fit...
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