D Block Physical Geography - Today you’ll look at tectonics and plate boundaries. We'll highlight a few notes on divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries along with hot spots. While you're doing this we'll watch:
C Block Human Geography - Today we'll try to answer the Key Question "Why Is Global Population Increasing"? Geographers most frequently measure population change in a country or the world as a whole through three measures - crude birth rate, crude death rate, and natural increase rate and we'll look at those today along with measures of fertility and mortality along with population pyramids.
- About how many people are being added to the world’s population each year?
- How does the TFR in your family compare to the overall figure for North America?
- Match the Country with the population pyramid and explain why (Canada, Chad & Germany)
- Name a type of community that might have a lot more males than females. Why so?
We'll also play around a bit on Gapminder to visualize these statistics
By The Way...here's a good opinion article on the TFR in Canada (in 2023 it is 1.33)
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| Trend in Canadian TFR |
B Block Legal Studies - We're back in the library to grapple with the question,
"Should Aboriginal Peoples have their own system of Justice?"
FYI: (From the Report Overrepresentation of Indigenous People in the Canadian Criminal Justice System: Causes and Responses) While representing less than 5% of the Canadian population, Indigenous people comprise 32% of the federal corrections population and nearly half of all federal female inmates are Indigenous. The numbers are trending toward higher rates of overrepresentation. In the last decade, the non-Indigenous incarcerated population shrank by 28.26%. But the Indigenous inmate population grew by 18.1% over the same period.
On June 21st, 2021, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act received Royal Assent and came into force. This Act provides a roadmap for the Government of Canada and Indigenous peoples to work together to implement the Declaration based on lasting reconciliation, healing, and cooperative relations. The Act upholds Aboriginal and treaty rights protected by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, and doesn't lessen them in any way
Article 3 states:
Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.
Article 4 states:
Indigenous peoples, in exercising their right to self-determination, have the right to autonomy or self-government in matters relating to their internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financing their autonomous functions.
Article 5 states:
Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they so choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State.
Article 8 states:
- Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture.
- States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and redress for:
- Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;
- Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources;
- Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights;
- Any form of forced assimilation or integration;
- Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.
Article 26 states:
Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired.
Article 37 states:
Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their successors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements.
and new articles to help:
Call #42 of the the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s 94 Calls to Action (Commit to the recognition and implementation of Aboriginal justice systems)
A Block Criminology - Today we'll analyze the short and long term effects that crime has on victims
Based on the data reported to the GSS, there are certain characteristics that place an individual or a household at greater risk of victimization. In 2019, the key factors associated with higher odds of violent victimization were: being younger; being a woman; being a sexual minority; living in a neighbourhood where social disorder is perceived; having been homeless; having been abused, witnessed violence, or experienced harsh parenting or neglect during childhood, and; participating in a higher number of evening activities outside the home.
To help check out The Impact of Victimization prepared by the Canadian Resource Centre for Victims of Crime and the Victims’ roles and rights in the criminal justice system and Criminal Victimization in Canada (from the most recent General Social Survey in 2019 - look at Reporting victimization to police Charts 7 and 8).
Read the following hypothetical victim story (from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Course Module 11 Access to Justice for Victims) and we'll try to discuss the following together:
- What happened?
- What type of damage did the victim(s) suffer?
- What needs the victim(s) might have?
- What would be the best approach to ensuring justice for these victim(s)?
Allie and Mike are both in their mid-seventies. They are both retired, and since their children grew up and left, besides being grandparents, they look after themselves, travel, spend time in the community, and engaged with various hobbies. Mike had a hip replacement a few years ago and has some issue in walking; Allie has high blood pressure and is on heart medication. They have been together for 45 years.One night while returning from a concert performance, Allie was taking the keys from her bag, they were approached by two young men who distracted them by asking for directions. They seemed lost and were very gentle to the couple, apologizing. After spending a few seconds in exchanging information, one of the two young men, grabbed Allie's bag, where she had her purse, keys, her mobile and some photos and small objects, while the other young men hit Mike on his head, took his wallet and left him unconscious on the ground. Allie, in total shock, started shouting and asking for help. She did not have the phone anymore, and as much as she was shaking could not even shout; eventually, after ten minutes, someone called an ambulance and then the police arrived.They were both brought the hospital where Mile spent five days 'under observation' due to a mild concussion. When home, he could not stand on his own feet, as he was always dizzy and losing balance. Consequently, one of their sons moved in, and they also had to have some professional assistance.One of the two young men were arrested three days after the attack thanks to some cameras positioned in a nearby bank. He pleaded guilty, saying that he was under the effects of drug and alcohol and did not have the means to pay back any of the costs or damages.
I'd like you to read through the "Nature of Victimization" on pages 53-5 and 57-58 and "Theories of Victimization" dealing with Victim Precipitation, Lifestyle, and Routine Activities on pages 59-62 in the CRIM text. After discussing these sections your job will be to complete the following (don't worry, you'll have all tomorrow to work on this too):
- Briefly outline and explain the patterns we've identified in victimization (social ecology, household, personal characteristics and repeat victimization)
- Explain and compare the three theories of crime victimization.
- What is victim blaming and what are its consequences?
- Why are some victims less likely to report the victimization they suffered? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>
- What can make a person more vulnerable for some type of crimes? Provide a few examples.
To help:
Today's Fit...
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