A Block Legal Studies - Since we didn't get to it, we'll talk about the significance of the Calder v. Attorney-General of British Columbia, 1973 decision. From the Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project:
The decision in Calder v Attorney-General of British Columbia was handed down by the Supreme Court of Canada on 31 January 1973. It is often credited with having provided the impetus for the overhauling of the land claims negotiation process in Canada. The case was initiated in 1968 by the Nisga'a Tribal Council against the Government of British Columbia. It failed both at trial and in the Court of Appeal. The Supreme Court overturned the Court of Appeal's finding in recognising the possible existence of Aboriginal rights to land and resources, but was equally divided on the issue of whether the Nisga'a retained title. The decision prompted the federal government to develop new policy to address Aboriginal land claims. In 1976 Canada commenced negotiations with the Nisga'a Tribal Council. British Columbia did not join the negotiations until 1990. The Nisga'a Final Agreement was concluded in 1999 and implemented by legislation in 2000.
We'll also talk about the landmark Delgamuukw-Gisday'way Aboriginal title case. In the Delgamuukw case, Wet'suwet'en hereditary chiefs established that the Indigenous nation has a system of law that predates the days of elected band councils enacted under Canada's Indian Act. Under traditional Wet'suwet'en law, hereditary chiefs are responsible for decisions regarding ancestral lands.
From this case, the Supreme Court of Canada declared that for aboriginal title to be present it must satisfy the following criteria:
- the land must have been occupied before sovereignty,
- there must be a continuity between pre-sovereignty and modern times (but not an unbroken chain)
- at the time of sovereignty, the occupancy must have been exclusive (but it could have been jointly exclusive by more than one party or tribe).
If these are established, then aboriginal title exists. So, the Supreme Court established that Wet'suwet'en had never extinguished title to their territory. I'll have you discuss the Guerin v. The Queen, 1984 case in partners and then, I'll have you work on questions 2, 4 and 5 on page 61, questions 1, 2 and 4 on page 64 and finally have you work through the Review Your Understanding questions 1, 2 and 5 on page 83 of the AAL text to submit next class.
B Block Criminology - Today we will be in the learning commons/library working on our second journal / blog entry. I would like you to tell me what you think about crime trends here in Canada / B.C. Specifically, I want you to tell me what you think about drug related crime. Violent and property crime patterns are generally decreasing however one area that is clearly on the rise is drug possession, trafficking, importing, and exporting (specifically possession of Heroin, non-Heroin Opioids, and Methamphetamine). British Columbia declared "drug-related deaths" a public health emergency in 2016. Since the pandemic, rates of opioid use here flared to alarming levels, with a record 2,224 deaths in 2021, compared to 1,767 in 2020, and one of the highest per capita rates in North America at 42.8 deaths per 100,000 people in 2021. BC has always been a province where drug crime has been a problem. Look below...
So....Today you will need to write your thoughts on the following: Why has British Columbia consistently had high rates of police reported drug offences? Use what you've learned about crime theories and your own thoughts on crime theories to answer why.
Once you've done this, then find an article about a recent drug crime here in B.C., make a link to the news article on your blogsite and then write how crime theories explain the crime (Look at this news about a 35 kilogram cocaine bust off in the Kootenays or this news about six people arrested in Saanich for 26 litres of GHB gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid a date-rape drug, 100 grams of crystal meth, four ounces of heroin, 16 grams of marijuana and $20,000 cash or this news about police seizing 55 kilograms of cocaine, 47 kilograms of crystal methamphetamine and more than a kilogram of heroin in Surrey. You could also check out this incident in 2019 of a bust 9.3 kg of fentanyl and analogues; 7.6 grams of W-18 mixed with caffeine and fentanyl; 2.6 g of carfentanil mixed with fentanyl, heroin and caffeine; ketamine; cocaine; MDMA; U-47700; 4-ANPP; alprazolam; synthetic cannabinoids; a Glock 17 handgun with ammunition; Olympic Arms PCR 99 semi-automatic rifle with ammunition; more than $195,000 in Canadian currency; and 2.19 Bitcoins. OR you could check out an RCMP seizure here in Courtenay of cash, cell phones and what is believed to be fentanyl, cocaine, methamphetamine and prescription drugs). Don't forget excellent crime news websites are the CANOE CNews Crime site...or the Toronto Star Crime site...or Global News Crime site...or the Huffington Post Canada Crime ...or the Vancouver Sun Crime Blog
C Block Human Geography - Learning Commons is booked as are all notebook carts. So, we have three laptops in the class and you've all got smart phones to work on your activity looking at the 2022 World Population Data (using both the PRB Interactive Map and the pdf data sheet) to see current trends and numbers in world population. You have a series of questions to answer in your Population and Development workbook and you may work with other people to accomplish this task if you'd like.
D Block Physical Geography - Today you’ll look at tectonics and plate boundaries. You’ll have to take down a few notes on divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries along with hot spots. While you're doing this we'll watch:
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