C Block Human Geography - Today and tomorrow we'll look at the Key Question: Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles? we'll try to understand temporary-work migrants (include guest workers in Europe and the Middle East and, historically, time-contract workers in Asia) along with illegal and unauthorized immigrants. Our goal is to understand why people who immigrate to a country face challenges when they arrive. Specifically I'm interested in the attitudes of people in host countries to immigrants. We'll try to look at the USA and Mexico and compare it to Europe. I'd also like to look at Canada and see whether it is all sunshine and rainbows or whether there's an underbelly of fear here too. You'll need to answer the following:
- As you read pages 100-103, “Attitudes toward Immigrants learning Outcome 3.4.3 Describe characteristics of immigrants to the United States”, complete the Venn diagram to compare and contrast attitudes in the U.S. and Europe toward immigrants.
- Americans purchase products made in foreign countries using cheap labor. Is this any different than allowing low-cost labor to immigrate to the United States? How? Why are employers who knowingly hire undocumented immigrants under less scrutiny than the immigrants themselves?
- Why are new migrants to an area frequently the butt of racist or ethnic jokes? Explain in the context of the history of European emigration to the United States. Which groups were more frequently made fun of?
And Europe...
*Warning Potty Mouth so be aware and watch with care...
And the USA...
Who supports these anti-Globalization, anti-immigration "Nativist" xenophobic and racist groups?
So there are obstacles to migration, but is there a benefit to migration? Let's see:
Who supports these anti-Globalization, anti-immigration "Nativist" xenophobic and racist groups?
So there are obstacles to migration, but is there a benefit to migration? Let's see:
D Block Physical Geography - Today...Hawai'i Kai...Remember
1. Study topographic map 1 and describe the relief from west to east across the upper half of the map
a) what is the length and width (in kilometers) of the map? What is the total area (in kilometers squared)
b) Determine the road distance (in kilometers) from BM16 in Hawaii Kai to the park in the northeast. What do you think is the significance of the white area crossed by Lunalilo Home Road?
c) Determine the road distance (in kilometers) from Holy Trinity School near Kuliouou to Halona Point. Suggest some factors that posed difficulties for the construction of State Highway 72
2. On map 1 and Photo 3 locate and name three other craters in Koko Head Park. How are they indicated on the map? How do they compare in size relative to Koko crater? Does Hanauma Bay qualify as a caldera and if so, why?
3. Identify the features labelled A to E on stereo photo 3.
a) What indicates that Koko crater has been inactive for some time?
b) What is the area (in kilometers squared) of Hanauma Bay? What do you think makes it an interesting site for an underwater park?
5. a) Along line XY, measure the distance (in km) from the shoreline to the outer edge of the coral reef. What is the average width of the reefs in Maunalua Bay on map 1?b) What is the greatest depth at which coral has formed a reef in Maunalua Bay on Map 1?
c) Find the wide break in the coral reef southwest of Kuapa Pond and suggest reasons for this gap
d) Refer to map 1 to identify the features labelled F to H on photo 5.
6. Is map 1 or photo 3 more recent? How can you tell?
a/b) Locate an area of land reclamation on the map and photo, explain why reclamation projects are needed in this area.
7. From a study of both the map and the photos, suggest how the settlement pattern has been influenced by topography
a) How has this pattern influenced population density in localized areas?
b) How has the topography created problems for highway planning? Why might traffic congestion be a problem along the shoreline highway?
And...from Spring Break, Kawa Ijen 🤯
A Block Criminology - Today and tomorrow we'll finish our unit on violent crime with a look at terrorism. The 2024 GTI (Global Terrorism Index) report reinforces the fact terrorism is a highly concentrated form of violence, mostly committed in a small number of countries and by a small number of groups. The deadliest terrorist groups in the world in 2022 were Islamic State (IS) and its affiliates, followed by Jamaat Nusrat Al-Islamwal Muslimeen (JNIM), Hamas, and al-Shabaab.
While terrorism as a form of violence has a major psychological impact on the societies it touches, there are other forms of violence which are more devastating. The global homicide rate is 45 times the death rate from terrorism.
The 2024 GTI indicates that in 2023, deaths from terrorism increased by 22 per cent to 8,352 deaths and are now at their highest level since 2017, although they remain 23 per cent lower than at their peak in 2015. While the number of deaths increased, the number of incidents fell, with total attacks dropping by 22 per cent to 3,350 in 2023. By far the largest single terrorist attack that occurred in 2023 was the October 7th attack by Hamas-led militants in Israel. This attack killed 1,200 people, and was the largest single terrorist attack since 9/11, and one of the largest terrorist attacks in history. Although Israel suffered the largest terrorist attack in 2023, it was not the country most impacted by terrorism. Burkina Faso is now ranked first on the GTI. Almost 2,000 people were killed in terrorist attacks in Burkina Faso from 258 incidents, accounting for nearly a quarter of all terrorist deaths globally.
Global Terrorism Index 2014 from Vision of Humanity on Vimeo.
Statistical analysis of the drivers of terrorist activity show there are two distinct sets of factors associated with terrorism, depending on whether the country is developed or developing.
The first set of factors which are closely linked to terrorist activity are political violence committed by the state and the presence of a conflict. The research finds that 93 per cent of all terrorist attacks between 1989 and 2014 occurred in countries with high levels of state sponsored terror, involving extrajudicial killing, torture, and imprisonment without trial. Similarly, over 90 per cent of all terrorist deaths occurred in countries already engaged in some form of conflict whether internal or international. This means only 0.5 per cent of terrorist attacks occurred in countries that did not suffer from conflict or political terror. This underlines the close link between existing conflicts, grievances and political violence with terrorist activity.
When analyzing the correlates of terrorism there are different factors that are statistically significant depending on the level of development. In the OECD countries, socio-economic factors such as youth unemployment, militarization, levels of criminality, access to weapons and distrust in the electoral process are the most statistically significant factors correlating with terrorism. This reinforces some of the well-known drivers of radicalization and extremism. In developing countries, the history of conflict, levels of corruption, acceptance of the rights of others and group based inequalities are more significantly related to terrorist activity.
Statistical analysis of the drivers of terrorist activity show there are two distinct sets of factors associated with terrorism, depending on whether the country is developed or developing.
The first set of factors which are closely linked to terrorist activity are political violence committed by the state and the presence of a conflict. The research finds that 93 per cent of all terrorist attacks between 1989 and 2014 occurred in countries with high levels of state sponsored terror, involving extrajudicial killing, torture, and imprisonment without trial. Similarly, over 90 per cent of all terrorist deaths occurred in countries already engaged in some form of conflict whether internal or international. This means only 0.5 per cent of terrorist attacks occurred in countries that did not suffer from conflict or political terror. This underlines the close link between existing conflicts, grievances and political violence with terrorist activity.
When analyzing the correlates of terrorism there are different factors that are statistically significant depending on the level of development. In the OECD countries, socio-economic factors such as youth unemployment, militarization, levels of criminality, access to weapons and distrust in the electoral process are the most statistically significant factors correlating with terrorism. This reinforces some of the well-known drivers of radicalization and extremism. In developing countries, the history of conflict, levels of corruption, acceptance of the rights of others and group based inequalities are more significantly related to terrorist activity.
Violent conflict remains the primary driver of terrorism, with over 90 per cent of attacks and 98 per cent of terrorism deaths in 2023 taking place in countries in conflict. All ten countries most impacted by terrorism in 2022 were also involved in an armed conflict. The intensity of terrorism in conflict is also much higher than in non-conflict countries, with an average of 2.7 fatalities per attack compared to 0.48 fatalities.
Remember, the question from before Spring Break I'd like you to work on is:
Explain the types of serial and mass murderer along with the reasons why they commit these crime
For the types of serial and mass murder use the following:
Disciple Mass Murderer
Family Annihilator Mass Murderer
Pseudocommando Mass Murderer
Disgruntled Employee Mass Murderer
Set-and-Run Mass Murderer
Visionary Serial Killers
Mission-oriented Serial Killers
Hedonistic Serial Killers
Power/control Serial Killers
For the motives feel free to use Violence Expressed through Mass Murder by Joseph A. Davis, Ph.D and Profiles in Terror: The Serial Murderer by Holmes, R. M., & DeBurger, J. E. ALSO feel free to use your Criminology textbook (Table 10.2 page 210 of CRIM by Siegel, Brown and Hoffman)
B Block Legal Studies - I'll have you look at the R. v. Parks (1992) case and I'll have you and a partner work on the case questions (1-4) together.
After I'll get you to look at the R. v. Williams (2003) case. In terms of the Williams case, another example of an HIV related aggravated sexual assault case involved former CFL athlete Trevis Smith. A review of the decision (sentenced to five and a half years in 2007 and was paroled in 2010) can be found here at CBC News.
In its 2012 Mabior decision, the Supreme Court of Canada held: HIV is indisputably serious and life-endangering. Although it can be controlled by medication, HIV remains an incurable chronic infection that, if untreated, can result in death. As such, the failure to advise a sexual partner of one’s HIV status may lead to a conviction for aggravated sexual assault under s. 273(1) of the Criminal Code.
In HIV non-disclosure cases, the criminal law applies where a person who knows they are HIV positive and infectious, transmits HIV to others or exposes others to a “realistic possibility of HIV transmission” without affording their sexual partner the opportunity to choose whether to assume that risk. Specifically, courts have found that a complainant’s consent to sexual activity may be vitiated, or not obtained in law, if the accused misrepresented or failed to disclose their HIV status prior to that activity. In such circumstances, the assault (sections 266 to 268) or sexual assault (sections 271 to 273) offences have been applied. Note: Most HIV non-disclosure cases have involved aggravated assault or aggravated sexual assault charges, because contracting HIV has been considered to endanger the life of that person. Canada’s Criminal Code allows for a charge of aggravated sexual assault if the complainant doesn’t know what is being consented to, and if the complainant’s life is endangered by the accused. Criminal negligence causing bodily harm (section 221), and common nuisance (section 180) have also been applied in HIV non-disclosure cases.
In terms of Willful Blindness, because of the Sansregret case, the Supreme Court of Canada held that the concepts of recklessness and willful blindness are not the same and that it is wise to keep the two concepts separate. The court then defined each concept as follows (Stuart: 211):
- Recklessness involves knowledge of a danger or risk and persistence in a course of conduct which creates a risk that the prohibited result will occur,
- Willful blindness arises where a person who has become aware of the need for some inquiry declines to make the inquiry because he does not wish to know the truth.
Don't forget q. 1-5 on p. 123 AND q. 1-5 on p.130 of the All About Law text, right?
Today's Fit...
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