Legal Citation Guide UBC
Ontario Justice Education Network Guide to Canadian Legal Citation
I'll have you work on questions from page 21 of the All About Law textbook:
- Question 2 How did the English common law system develop? Look @ p. 14-15 in AAL
- Question 3 How is the rule of precedent used in today’s system of law? Look @ p.16 AAL
- Question 5 Explain the significance of statute law as a source of law? Look @ p.20 in AAL
When making a map, it is impossible to map everything. In fact, to be a useful model of our world and of any phenomena in it, maps must always obscure, simplify, and/or embellish reality. These actions - which make maps useful - also make their construction subjective. Cartographic design, even when informed by well-established conventions, is an art as much as a science. Every design choice a cartographer makes ultimately influences the map readers’ comprehension, appreciation - and even trust - of the map that he or she creates. The way in which you design a map can deeply influence how your readers interpret it. A well-designed map can intrigue and even surprise its readers, leaving a meaningful and memorable impression. When discussing how people interpret maps, we can frame this discussion in terms of perception, cognition, and behavior.
Perception in map design refers to the reader’s immediate response to map symbology (e.g., instant recognition that symbols are different hues) (Slocum et al. 2009).
Cognition occurs when map readers incorporate that perception into conscious thought, and thus combine it with their own knowledge (Slocum et al. 2009). For example, readers might be able to interpret a weather radar map without its legend due to their previous experience with a similar map, or might incorporate knowledge of a map’s topic into their interpretation of a visual data distribution (e.g., the higher concentration of people aged 65+ shown in some Florida cities makes sense given what I know about retirement communities).
Behavior refers to actions that go beyond just thinking about maps. Considering how design may influence behavior is essential in anticipating the real-world effects your maps may have. The way a map is designed can influence its readers’ actions and decision-making, and these decisions may range from small (e.g., for how many seconds will the reader look at this map?) to great (e.g., will this flood-risk map convince the reader to purchase insurance?).
Remember your purpose is to graphically depict scientific data (your observations) that will help answer the "big question" Is this creek healthy?
If you want to go Analogue...we'll have paper for you and if you'd like to go digital we'll have a computers for you...in that vein
Use Story Map in Knight Lab and you can use Mapbox to help. You can also create a custom map using Google My Maps or in Google Earth online as well
Ten Things to Consider When Making a Map, Elements of a Map, Five primary design principles for cartography, Essentials of Geographic Information Systems Cartographic Principles, Map Elements and Design Principles,
Please remember map basics. From GIS Lounge
Basic map characteristics to help the reader understand the context of the map are title, legend (or map key), scale, a grid system, and north arrow. Not all maps have all of these map elements.
Scale and orientation: Maps will contain a bar graph, scale bar, or verbal scale which indicates the relationship between the distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground. Some maps, although not all, will have a compass rose or a north arrow to show the map orientation.
Legends or keys: Maps often include a legend or key that explains the symbols, colors, and other representations used on the map. This helps users interpret the information presented.
Grid systems: Many maps have grid lines, such as latitude and longitude lines or a coordinate grid, to provide a reference system for locating specific points on the map.
Maps typically include various elements that convey spatial information, such as:
Geographical features: Maps display physical features like mountains, rivers, lakes, coastlines, and deserts. These features are represented using symbols, colors, or contour lines.
Political boundaries: Maps show political divisions such as country borders, state or provincial boundaries, and administrative regions. These boundaries help define the jurisdictional and administrative areas.
Landmarks and points of interest: Important landmarks, cultural sites, monuments, tourist attractions, and other points of interest are often marked on maps to provide reference points and aid navigation.
Transportation networks: Maps include roads, highways, railways, airports, ports, and other transportation infrastructure. These elements help people plan routes and understand connectivity.
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