9:15 - 11:50 C Block Legal Studies
12:30 - 3:05 B Block Human Geography
C Block Legal Studies - We start today in the class before the learning commons where we'll look at Motor Vehicles, Vicarious Liability & Occupier’s Liability
In the context of B.C. motor vehicle accidents, a tort claim is a claim that another person was at fault in causing the accident and should be required to compensate an injured person for his or her injuries. Such claims are covered by the third-party liability provisions of ICBC’s Basic Autoplan.
The driver of the vehicle is liable for all passengers in the vehicle – if passenger enters vehicle and assumes risk (VAR- voluntary assumption of risk) then no liability exists for driver to passenger.
Vicarious liability – a Defendant is held liable for another person’s tort even though they may have done nothing wrong. Companies are liable for their employees’ actions through vicarious liability (as are parents for their children)
Occupiers Liability – An occupier is someone who is in control of property. You have a duty of care to ensure that your property is safe for others. The occupier should be able to foresee any harm and mitigate it. There are three classes of people who occupiers are liable to:
- Invitees are people who are on property for reasons OTHER than social visits. These people are owed the HIGHEST standard of care.
- Licensees are people who are on property on the implied permission of the occupier (social visits where no business is transacted).
- Trespassers are people who enter property without permission or a legal right.
As an occupier, you and/or your organization are required to keep areas such as aisles, stairs, ramps, walkways, driveways and parking lots reasonably safe for persons who are using them. Some common hazardous conditions include:
- ice and snow that has not been cleared
- unexpected elevation changes
- uneven surfaces (e.g., cracks, gaps, potholes)
- slippery surfaces (e.g., wet floors, tile flooring)
- missing or loose handrails on stairs
- debris on walking paths (e.g., boxes in aisles)
- inadequate lighting.
- Whether the danger was foreseeable.
- Whether the occupier’s conduct was in accordance with acceptable standards of practice.
- Whether there was an adequate system of inspection (considering the risks involved) in place and carried out.
- Whether the danger was allowed to exist for an unreasonable amount of time.
- The ease with which the danger could have been prevented.
Family Compensation Act [RSBC 1996] Chapter 126
Host Liability - Commercial Hosts have a specific duty of care to their patrons so that they do not harm themselves from consuming alcohol. How to control patron’s alcohol intake:
In the text there are some important sections involving "liability" for businesses and social guests on pages 406-410 (Occupiers' Liability: general invitees; commercial and social host invitees; licensees; trespassers; and the Occupiers Liability Act). These topics are relevant to all cases except for Case 7. From the Canada Safety Council dealing with Social Host Liability:
It is important for every social host to consider the consequences involved with the service of alcohol because there will continue to be lawsuits. The social host could be found to have a duty of care to guests and all those who are at risk due to the intoxication of the guests for events that could be foreseeable. Further, the host has a duty to monitor and supervise the service and consumption of alcohol during a party or event. The best course is to take risk management measures. The social host should check his or her insurance to determine if there is coverage for any incident that may occur on the property or as a result of actions from the property. When hosting a party, plan appropriately. This includes:
Host Liability - Commercial Hosts have a specific duty of care to their patrons so that they do not harm themselves from consuming alcohol. How to control patron’s alcohol intake:
- Every server needs to take and pass a “Serving it Right” course (experience and training)
- Every server needs to monitor patron’s alcohol intake
- No server can sell alcohol to someone who is intoxicated
- Take away keys, call taxis, call police
In the text there are some important sections involving "liability" for businesses and social guests on pages 406-410 (Occupiers' Liability: general invitees; commercial and social host invitees; licensees; trespassers; and the Occupiers Liability Act). These topics are relevant to all cases except for Case 7. From the Canada Safety Council dealing with Social Host Liability:
It is important for every social host to consider the consequences involved with the service of alcohol because there will continue to be lawsuits. The social host could be found to have a duty of care to guests and all those who are at risk due to the intoxication of the guests for events that could be foreseeable. Further, the host has a duty to monitor and supervise the service and consumption of alcohol during a party or event. The best course is to take risk management measures. The social host should check his or her insurance to determine if there is coverage for any incident that may occur on the property or as a result of actions from the property. When hosting a party, plan appropriately. This includes:
- Either don't drink or limit your own consumption of alcohol in order to track that of your guests.
- Know your guests - it is much easier to track the changes in behaviour of those you know.
- Try to serve all drinks yourself and avoid self-serve bars to track and monitor your guests' consumption. Consider hiring a bartender trained in alcohol service.
- Have plenty of non-alcoholic choices.
- Serve lots of food that has protein and fat - salt encourages more drinking and sugar does not mix well with alcohol.
- Meet, Greet and Repeat - meet and greet all your guests as they arrive in order to determine if they have had anything alcoholic to drink before arriving. If the party is an open house or cocktail format, repeat the process as guests leave.
- If a guest is intoxicated, encourage him or her to give you their car keys if relevant. Buddy up with a friend to assist in persuading the intoxicated person to take a cab.
- Keep the phone numbers of cab companies handy and tell the guest that a cab has been ordered - don't give them the option to refuse.
- If the guest is quite intoxicated, keep that person with you until they have sobered or can be left with a sober responsible person.
- Only time will sober the person, not additional fluids or food. Offering a spare bed is a good recourse.
- If the person refuses to give the car keys or spend the night at your house, call the police. It may seem drastic, but it could be a choice between that of an upset friend or far more tragic consequences.
Some of you asked about creating letterheads in Microsoft Word...
The concept of SimCity BuildIt is just like every other entry in the series (SimCity). You have a plot of land, you section off some zones for residential, commercial, and industrial, and you start to grow your city. BUT… like for all “free” games you’ll get the basic entry, but a premium (AKA money) is charged for additional features, services, or virtual (online) or physical (offline) goods that expand the functionality of the free version of the software. I DO NOT WANT YOU SPENDING MONEY FOR THIS PROJECT OPTION. SimCash, is the in-game currency that can be used to buy more Simoleons (fictional game money that is used to purchase missing items needed to upgrade buildings or speed up the construction of things “in-game”). Please do not purchase SimCash…since you’ll be doing this game over time you do not need to speed things up. You can play this version on your phone or tablet and there are some services that allow you to play it on your pc at home as well.
So, for this project, I will need you to build a city and as you play, you’ll need to keep a track of what you did, why you did it and what the results were. One way to determine what to build, where to build, and how much to build is to list all the possible requirements a city’s citizens might have. As you build your city, use these questions to help design a city that is well planned:
- How will you lay out your city? What kinds of industrial, commercial, and residential areas will you build? Where will you build them?
- How will your city pay for infrastructure and basic services?
- What services (police, fire, medical, education) will your city provide? Where will you place them?
- What kinds of parks and recreation areas will be in your city?
- How will you provide power to all areas of your city?
- Do you have renewable energy sources?
- How will you make sure all areas of your city have water?
- How will your city dispose of waste and recycle?
- How will you manage pollution (water and air) in your city?
- What types of transportation will be available to move citizens and goods?
So what is the submission aspect of this (AKA...what do you need to hand in to me)?
You will need to make a presentation with a written a narrative (minimum 500 words) describing your future city’s key features and design attributes. The purpose of the City Narrative is to give me a quick overview of the future city’s infrastructure and its public services. Think of the City Narrative as a marketing piece. What unique features does your city offer? Why would someone want to live in your city? Are there any special benefits to living in your city?
Use the planning questions above and these questions to help write a city description.
- What basic information should people know about your city (such as the name, population, age, and location)?
- What is important to know about your city’s physical components (landmarks, parks, and recreation areas) and infrastructure (transportation, energy, waste disposal, pollution control)?
- What services (such as police, fire, medical, education) does your city offer?
- What features make your city innovative and unique?
- What did you learn about urban planning and city design (leadership, resource allocation, population satisfaction, trade, taxation and alternative sources of funding, city planning, services, and perception of politicians)?
The report and game play are based around the following key issues/outcomes from the course:
- Where Are Services Distributed?
- Where Are Consumer Services Distributed?
- Where Are Business Services Distributed?
- Why Do Services Cluster in Settlements?
- Why Do Services Cluster Downtown
- Where Are People Distributed Within Urban Areas?
- Why Are Urban Areas Expanding?
- Why Do Cities Face Challenges?
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