Thursday, February 18. 2021

Today's classes are:

9:15 - 11:50 D Block Legal Studies

12:30 - 3:05 A Block Physical Geography

D Block Legal Studies - Today will be our second day in the learning commons for our Human Rights poster. I have poster paper for your Human Rights project and I'll give you the paper once I've seen your ideas (a rough sketch). Remember you need to create a visually appealing Human Rights Campaign Poster that addresses the human rights violation by incorporating key information (What is happening? Where is it taking place? What rights are being violated? Who is having their rights violated? Why are their rights being violated?) as well as pictures, symbols, and colours. Your poster should seek to draw the attention of the public through the balanced combination of text and visuals in a creative, yet educational manner! 

Graphics can tell your story in a compelling, immediate and powerful way to move your intended audience. So, simplify and summarize a complex story — and add impact through your design. What is your story? What do you want people to see? 

How do you know what information to focus on and what to exclude?

Some key questions are:

• What story do you want to tell?

• To whom?

• How do you want to reach them?

What will move your target audience to action?

Consider the story you are telling as well as the tone, style, and format of your message. How it will be read by your target audience? Does your audience have a prior interest in your subject or are you trying to reach a new audience? Different audiences may respond better to different graphic treatments — for example a campaign targeting youth, a rural population or government officials.

Lastly...People will look at your pictures before they read your text, if they read text at all. Graphics have to be self-contained. Put your conclusion right there in the caption. Your graphic poster has to tell a story (if it doesn’t, don’t use it) and your job is to keep redesigning it until the story is as clear as possible.

If you are looking at children's rights then check out the UN Declaration on the rights of the Child. Check out these posters at United for Human Rights or the gifs at #Standup4humanrights or these posters on the 60th anniversary for the UN Declaration on Human Rights from Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR).

FYI: Tomorrow (February 19th) is your introductory unit final test in Law. The unit test will cover the first three chapters of the All About Law text and will have: 15 True/False questions; 15 Multiple Choice questions; 15 Matching questions; and 3 Short Answer questions. You should be fluent in the following topics:

Substantive and Procedural Law

Divisions of Public and Private Law (Criminal, Constitutional and Administrative for Public and Tort, Family, Contract, Property and Labour for Private)

Case Law (precedent) and Statute Law

Understanding Case Citations (R v. Person....Person v. Person)

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Section 1 Reasonable Limits, Section 2 Fundamental Freedoms, Section 6 Mobility Rights, Sections 7-14 Legal Rights, Section 15 Equality Rights and Section 33 Notwithstanding Clause)

Charter changes (Read in, Read down and Strike down) and Solutions (Remedies)

Discrimination and Human Rights

Human Rights issues for women (pay equity, employment equity, unintentional or adverse effect discrimination - poisoned work environments)

Human Rights issues for Canada's Indigenous populations (Calder and Delgamuukw decisions)

Remember, no lawyer works in isolation and today neither will you. You may not use notes, however, you may collaborate with colleagues on the test.

I Lava you Volcanoes...😍

A Block Physical Geography - Today in class we'll try to understand the five different types of volcanoes, with examples, and see if we can figure out where these beasts are on the planet. We'll take some notes about the five types of volcanoes and we'll also look at the differences between explosive and effusive volcanic eruptions (think silica and gas).

When it comes to liquids, viscosity is a measurement of how thick or flowy it is. When lava has low viscosity, it can flow very easily over long distances. This creates the classic rivers of lava, with channels, puddles and fountains. You can also get bubbles of lava filled with volcanic gasses that burble and pop on the surface of the lava. When lava has a high viscosity, it’s very thick and doesn’t flow very well at all. Instead of rivers of lava, you can get crumbling piles of rock flowing down hill. It can also clog up the volcanic vent and form blocks that resist the flow of lava. Viscous lava will trap pockets of gas within the rock, and not let them pop as bubbles on the surface.

The types of magma produced in the various volcanic settings can differ significantly. At divergent boundaries and oceanic mantle plumes, where there is little interaction with crustal materials the magma tends to be consistently mafic (which is a low viscosity magma). At subduction zones, where the magma ascends through significant thicknesses of crust, interaction between the magma and the crustal rock—some of which is quite felsic (which is a high viscosity magma)

From Geology.com

The primary eruption characteristic used to determine the volcanic explosivity index is the volume of pyroclastic material ejected by the volcano. Pyroclastic material includes volcanic ash, tephra, pyroclastic flows, and other types of ejecta. The height of the eruption column and the duration of the eruption are also considered in assigning a VEI level to an eruption. The VEI scale begins at 0 and goes up to 8, with each step in the scale representing an explosivity increase of 10x. So, a VEI 5 is roughly ten times more explosive than a VEI 4. Two steps of the scale is an increase of 100x in explosivity, so  a VEI 6 is roughly 100 times more explosive than a VEI 4.

Volcanologists classify eruptions into several different types. Some are named for particular volcanoes where the type of eruption is common; others concern the resulting shape of the eruptive products or the place where the eruptions occur. 

In a Hawaiian eruption, fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air in jets from a vent or line of vents (a fissure) at the summit or on the flank of a volcano. Strombolian eruptions are distinct bursts of fluid lava (usually basalt or basaltic andesite) from the mouth of a magma-filled summit conduit. The explosions usually occur every few minutes at regular or irregular intervals. A Vulcanian eruption is a short, violent, relatively small explosion of viscous magma (usually andesite, dacite, or rhyolite). This type of eruption results from the fragmentation and explosion of a plug of lava in a volcanic conduit, or from the rupture of a lava dome (viscous lava that piles up over a vent). Vulcanian eruptions create powerful explosions in which material can travel faster than 350 meters per second (800 mph) and rise several kilometers into the air. The largest and most violent of all the types of volcanic eruptions are Plinian eruptions. They are caused by the fragmentation of gassy magma, and are usually associated with very viscous magmas (dacite and rhyolite). They release enormous amounts of energy and create eruption columns of gas and ash that can rise up to 50 km (35 miles) high at speeds of hundreds of meters per second. 

For more on the differences between explosive and effusive eruptions see:
San Diego State University "How Volcanoes Work"
Volcano World "Volcanic Gasses"
Science World 2005 "When Mountains Fizz"

and yes...I Lava You Volcanoes!


 check out "super chill dude" on Mount Semeru in Indonesia...

Today, we'll watch the Discovery Channel Raging Planet Volcanoes episode...Sweet!

Check out the types of Volcanoes at the BC Open Text Physical Geology Textbook. There are three types of volcanic environments are represented in British Columbia:

1. The Cascade Arc (a.k.a. the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt in Canada) connected to subduction of the Juan de Fuca Plate beneath the North America plate (Mt. Garibaldi, Mt. Cayley, and Mt. Meager)
2. The Anahim Volcanic Belt related to a mantle plume (The Rainbow Range and Nazko Cone)
3. The Stikine Volcanic Belt and the Wells Gray-Clearwater Volcanic Field related to crustal rifting (Tseax River Cone and Mount Edziza)